A composition of (modules) that are designed independently but still function as an integrated whole. Design rules fall into three categories: an architecture which specifies which modules will be part of the system and what their functions will be: accountabilities that describe in detail how the modules will interact; and standards for testing and modules’ conformity to the design rules and measuring module performance. The design creates a distribution of responsibilities for digital offerings and components that balance autonomy and alignment. In digital systems this usually involves self-managed teams responsible for a product/service offering and component teams/ owners.

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